作業

Sinoa

Matoanteny

作業

1. mandray anjara amin'ny karma ratsy
2. miasa
3. miasa amin'ny asa iray

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zuòyè

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄝˋ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zuǒniě

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok³ jip⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chok-ngia̍p

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zog⁵ ngiab⁶

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zorh⁶ gieh⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chok-gia̍p

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zag⁴ ngieb⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷tsoq-gniq₈

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuòyè
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuòyè
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴-yeh⁴
    • Yale: dzwò-yè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuohyeh
    • Palladius: цзое (czoje)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: zuǒniě [Phonetic: zuóniě]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suo²¹⁻²⁴ niɛ²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zok³ jip⁶
    • Yale: jok yihp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁸ jip⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog³ yib⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚³ jiːp̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok-ngia̍p
    • Hakka Romanization System: zog^ˋ ngiab
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zog⁵ ngiab⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sok̚² ŋi̯ap̚⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zog⁵ ngiab⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹ ŋiap̚⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zorh⁶ gieh⁷ [Phonetic: zorh⁷ gieh⁷]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: co̤h-gia̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ kiɛʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zorh⁶ gieh⁷ [Phonetic: zorh⁷ gieh⁷]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒʔ²⁻⁴ kiɛʔ⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chok-gia̍p
    • Tâi-lô: tsok-gia̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zokgiap
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡiap̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ ɡiap̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiap̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zag⁴ ngieb⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsak ngiṳ̍p
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sak̚²⁻⁴ ŋiɯp̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷tsoq-gniq₈
    • MiniDict: tsoh^入 nyih^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tsoq-nyiq₅
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soʔ³³ n̠ʲiɪʔ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsuH|tsaH|tsak ngjaep

Rime
Character	作	作	作	業
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	精 (13)	精 (13)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	歌 (94)	鐸 (103)	業 (147)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	III
Fanqie	臧祚切	則箇切	則落切	魚怯切
Baxter	tsuH	tsaH	tsak	ngjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡soH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɔH/	/t͡saH/	/t͡sak̚/	/ŋɨap̚/
Li Rong	/t͡soH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋiap̚/
Wang Li	/t͡suH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋĭɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zù	zuò	zuo	yè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zou3	zo3	zok3	jip6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤak|[ts]ˤak-s  [m-qʰ](r)[a]p/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːɡs|ʔsaːɡ  ŋab/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	作	作	業
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zuò	zuò	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ tsak ›	‹ tsuH ›	‹ ngjæp ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁak/	/*[ts]ˁak-s/	/*[m-qʰ](r)[a]p/
English	do, work	do, work	work (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	作	作	作	業
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
No.	16641	16653	16661	14819
Phonetic component	乍	乍	乍	業
Rime group	暮	暮	鐸	盍
Rime subdivision	0	0	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	佐	作	作	業
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaːɡs/	/*ʔsaːɡs/	/*ʔsaːɡ/	/*ŋab/
Notes		祚原誤衤旁巾箱本不誤	乍轉註字

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 作業 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Anarana iombonana

作業

1. Boky fanendrena, boky fanadinana
2. asa
3. asa an-tsekoly

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zuòyè

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄝˋ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): zuǒniě

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok³ jip⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chok-ngia̍p

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zog⁵ ngiab⁶

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zorh⁶ gieh⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chok-gia̍p

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zag⁴ ngieb⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷tsoq-gniq₈

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuòyè
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuòyè
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴-yeh⁴
    • Yale: dzwò-yè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuohyeh
    • Palladius: цзое (czoje)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: zuǒniě [Phonetic: zuóniě]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suo²¹⁻²⁴ niɛ²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zok³ jip⁶
    • Yale: jok yihp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁸ jip⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog³ yib⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚³ jiːp̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chok-ngia̍p
    • Hakka Romanization System: zog^ˋ ngiab
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zog⁵ ngiab⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sok̚² ŋi̯ap̚⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zog⁵ ngiab⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɔk̚¹ ŋiap̚⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zorh⁶ gieh⁷ [Phonetic: zorh⁷ gieh⁷]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: co̤h-gia̍h
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ kiɛʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zorh⁶ gieh⁷ [Phonetic: zorh⁷ gieh⁷]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɒʔ²⁻⁴ kiɛʔ⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chok-gia̍p
    • Tâi-lô: tsok-gia̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zokgiap
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡiap̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ ɡiap̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ ɡiap̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zag⁴ ngieb⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsak ngiṳ̍p
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sak̚²⁻⁴ ŋiɯp̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷tsoq-gniq₈
    • MiniDict: tsoh^入 nyih^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tsoq-nyiq₅
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soʔ³³ n̠ʲiɪʔ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsuH|tsaH|tsak ngjaep

Rime
Character	作	作	作	業
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)	精 (13)	精 (13)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	歌 (94)	鐸 (103)	業 (147)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	III
Fanqie	臧祚切	則箇切	則落切	魚怯切
Baxter	tsuH	tsaH	tsak	ngjaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡soH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋiɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɔH/	/t͡saH/	/t͡sak̚/	/ŋɨap̚/
Li Rong	/t͡soH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋiap̚/
Wang Li	/t͡suH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋĭɐp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡suoH/	/t͡sɑH/	/t͡sɑk̚/	/ŋi̯ɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zù	zuò	zuo	yè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zou3	zo3	zok3	jip6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤak|[ts]ˤak-s  [m-qʰ](r)[a]p/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːɡs|ʔsaːɡ  ŋab/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	作	作	業
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zuò	zuò	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ tsak ›	‹ tsuH ›	‹ ngjæp ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁak/	/*[ts]ˁak-s/	/*[m-qʰ](r)[a]p/
English	do, work	do, work	work (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	作	作	作	業
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1
No.	16641	16653	16661	14819
Phonetic component	乍	乍	乍	業
Rime group	暮	暮	鐸	盍
Rime subdivision	0	0	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	佐	作	作	業
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaːɡs/	/*ʔsaːɡs/	/*ʔsaːɡ/	/*ŋab/
Notes		祚原誤衤旁巾箱本不誤	乍轉註字

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 作業 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Japoney

Matoanteny

作業

1. miasa

Fanononana

(Tokyo) さぎょー [sáꜜgyòò] (Atamadaka – [1]) IPA(key): [sa̠ɡʲo̞ː]

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 作業 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Anarana iombonana

作業

1. asa

Fanononana

(Tokyo) さぎょー [sáꜜgyòò] (Atamadaka – [1]) IPA(key): [sa̠ɡʲo̞ː]

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 作業 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)