恐懼

Japoney

Matoanteny

恐懼

1. manaitra azy

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Anarana iombonana

恐懼

1. ny olona voataona ho amin'ny fahatahorana

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Sinoa

Mpamaritra

恐懼

1. zavatra iray izay matahotra

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǒngjù

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung² geoi⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khióng-kū / khióng-kī / khióng-khū

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kiong² gu⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵khon-jiu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kǒngjù
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kǒngjyù
    • Wade–Giles: kʻung³-chü⁴
    • Yale: kǔng-jyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongjiuh
    • Palladius: кунцзюй (kunczjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 孔鋸 / 孔锯 恐懼 / 恐惧

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung² geoi⁶
    • Yale: húng geuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung² goey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung² gêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ kɵy̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-kū
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-kū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngku
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ku³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ku⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ku²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ku³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-kī
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-kī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngki
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-khū
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-khū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngqu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰu³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰu³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kiong² gu⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khióng kŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ku³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵khon-jiu
    • MiniDict: khon^去 jiu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khon-jjy
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰoŋ³³ d͡ʑy⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: khjowngX gjuH

Rime
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	丘隴切	其遇切
Baxter	khjowngX	gjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨoŋX/	/ɡɨoH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawŋX/	/guə̆H/
Li Rong	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwoŋX/	/ɡĭuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰi̯woŋX/	/gi̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiǒng	jù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung2	geoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)oŋʔ  [ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰoŋʔ  ɡʷas/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǒng	jù
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowngX ›	‹ gjuH ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)oŋʔ/	/*[ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/
English	fear	fear (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	4071	7151
Phonetic component	工	瞿
Rime group	東	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	恐	懼
Old Chinese	/*kʰoŋʔ/	/*ɡʷas/

Famakiana fanampiny

zh-l

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 恐懼 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Matoanteny

恐懼

1. matahotra

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǒngjù

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung² geoi⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khióng-kū / khióng-kī / khióng-khū

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kiong² gu⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵khon-jiu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kǒngjù
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kǒngjyù
    • Wade–Giles: kʻung³-chü⁴
    • Yale: kǔng-jyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongjiuh
    • Palladius: кунцзюй (kunczjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 孔鋸 / 孔锯 恐懼 / 恐惧

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung² geoi⁶
    • Yale: húng geuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung² goey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung² gêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ kɵy̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-kū
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-kū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngku
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ku³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ku⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ku²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ku³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-kī
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-kī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngki
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-khū
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-khū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngqu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰu³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰu³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kiong² gu⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khióng kŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ku³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵khon-jiu
    • MiniDict: khon^去 jiu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khon-jjy
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰoŋ³³ d͡ʑy⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: khjowngX gjuH

Rime
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	丘隴切	其遇切
Baxter	khjowngX	gjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨoŋX/	/ɡɨoH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawŋX/	/guə̆H/
Li Rong	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwoŋX/	/ɡĭuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰi̯woŋX/	/gi̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiǒng	jù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung2	geoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)oŋʔ  [ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰoŋʔ  ɡʷas/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǒng	jù
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowngX ›	‹ gjuH ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)oŋʔ/	/*[ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/
English	fear	fear (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	4071	7151
Phonetic component	工	瞿
Rime group	東	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	恐	懼
Old Chinese	/*kʰoŋʔ/	/*ɡʷas/

Famakiana fanampiny

zh-l

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 恐懼 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Anarana iombonana

恐懼

1. (azo isaina) Fôbia, fahatsapana tahotra nateraky ny zavatra iray na olona iray
2. Ny fahatsapana tahotra sy tebiteby rehefa mifoha rehefa avy nisotro toaka be, ary manontany tena hoe inona no nataon'ny olona iray raha mbola mamo
3. fahatsapana na fihetseham-po mahery vaika sy tsy mahafinaritra vokatry ny loza na fandrahonana tena
4. fanajana sy fanajana feno tahotra, indrindra ho an'Andriamanitra,

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǒngjù

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung² geoi⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): khióng-kū / khióng-kī / khióng-khū

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kiong² gu⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵khon-jiu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kǒngjù
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄐㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kǒngjyù
    • Wade–Giles: kʻung³-chü⁴
    • Yale: kǔng-jyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koongjiuh
    • Palladius: кунцзюй (kunczjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 孔鋸 / 孔锯 恐懼 / 恐惧

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hung² geoi⁶
    • Yale: húng geuih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung² goey⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung² gêu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵ kɵy̯²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-kū
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-kū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngku
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ku³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ku⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ku²²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ku³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-kī
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-kī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngki
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ki²²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khióng-khū
    • Tâi-lô: khióng-khū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiofngqu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰu³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰu³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kiong² gu⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khióng kŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰioŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ ku³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵khon-jiu
    • MiniDict: khon^去 jiu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khon-jjy
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰoŋ³³ d͡ʑy⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: khjowngX gjuH

Rime
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	丘隴切	其遇切
Baxter	khjowngX	gjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨoŋX/	/ɡɨoH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuawŋX/	/guə̆H/
Li Rong	/kʰioŋX/	/ɡioH/
Wang Li	/kʰĭwoŋX/	/ɡĭuH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰi̯woŋX/	/gi̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiǒng	jù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung2	geoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʰ(r)oŋʔ  [ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰoŋʔ  ɡʷas/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kǒng	jù
Middle Chinese	‹ khjowngX ›	‹ gjuH ›
Old Chinese	/*kʰ(r)oŋʔ/	/*[ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/
English	fear	fear (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恐	懼
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	4071	7151
Phonetic component	工	瞿
Rime group	東	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	恐	懼
Old Chinese	/*kʰoŋʔ/	/*ɡʷas/

Famakiana fanampiny

zh-l

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 恐懼 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)