擾亂

Sinoa

Mpamaritra

擾亂

1. zavatra iray izay ao anatin'ny korontana

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rǎoluàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu² lyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yéu-lon
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liáu-loān / jiáu-loān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): riao² luang⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rǎoluàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rǎoluàn
    • Wade–Giles: jao³-luan⁴
    • Yale: rǎu-lwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: raoluann
    • Palladius: жаолуань (žaoluanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jiu² lyun⁶
    • Yale: yíu lyuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu² lyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu² lün⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯³⁵ lyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yéu-lon
    • Hakka Romanization System: ieu^ˋ lon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu³ lon⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯³¹ lon⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yéu-lon
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu^ˋ lon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu³ lon⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯³¹ lon⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liáu-loān
    • Tâi-lô: liáu-luān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liawloan
    • IPA (Taipei): /liau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ luan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiáu-loān
    • Tâi-lô: jiáu-luān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiawloan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ luan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: riao² luang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jiáu luăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡ziau⁵²⁻³⁵ luaŋ³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyewX lwanH

Rime
Character	擾	亂
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	而沼切	郎段切
Baxter	nyewX	lwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇuX/	/luɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛuX/	/lʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjæuX/	/luɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiawX/	/lwanH/
Li Rong	/ȵiɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rǎo	luàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu5	lyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njiwʔ  roːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	亂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luàn
Middle Chinese	‹ lwanH ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁo[n]-s/
English	disorder, rebellion
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擾	亂
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9369	8645
Phonetic component	夒	亂
Rime group	幽	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	擾	亂
Old Chinese	/*njiwʔ/	/*roːns/

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 擾亂 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Matoanteny

擾亂

1. manakorontana

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rǎoluàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu² lyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yéu-lon
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): liáu-loān / jiáu-loān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): riao² luang⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rǎoluàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rǎoluàn
    • Wade–Giles: jao³-luan⁴
    • Yale: rǎu-lwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: raoluann
    • Palladius: жаолуань (žaoluanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jiu² lyun⁶
    • Yale: yíu lyuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jiu² lyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yiu² lün⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯³⁵ lyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yéu-lon
    • Hakka Romanization System: ieu^ˋ lon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu³ lon⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯³¹ lon⁵⁵/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yéu-lon
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieu^ˋ lon
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu³ lon⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯³¹ lon⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liáu-loān
    • Tâi-lô: liáu-luān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: liawloan
    • IPA (Taipei): /liau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /liau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ luan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /liau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiáu-loān
    • Tâi-lô: jiáu-luān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: jiawloan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ luan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ luan²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: riao² luang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jiáu luăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡ziau⁵²⁻³⁵ luaŋ³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: nyewX lwanH

Rime
Character	擾	亂
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	而沼切	郎段切
Baxter	nyewX	lwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiᴇuX/	/luɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiɛuX/	/lʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjæuX/	/luɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵiawX/	/lwanH/
Li Rong	/ȵiɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ɛuX/	/luɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rǎo	luàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jiu5	lyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*njiwʔ  roːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	亂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luàn
Middle Chinese	‹ lwanH ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁo[n]-s/
English	disorder, rebellion
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擾	亂
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9369	8645
Phonetic component	夒	亂
Rime group	幽	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	擾	亂
Old Chinese	/*njiwʔ/	/*roːns/

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 擾亂 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)