文化

Vietnamiana

Anarana iombonana

文化

1. asa
2. fambolena
3. kolontsaina
4. voly

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 文化 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny frantsay. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Sinoa

Anarana iombonana

文化

1. fanabeazana amin'ny alalan'ny fampianarana ny fitondran-tena, ny literatiora ary ny mozika
2. fanabeazana, fahaizana mamaky teny sy manoratra
3. kolontsaina
4. kolontsaina arkeolojika

Fanononana

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): wénhuà

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вынхуа (vɨnhua, I-II)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): man⁴ faa³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): mun³ fa¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): vùn-fa

  (Hailu, HRS): vun fa^ˇ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): vun² fa⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): ùng-huá
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): mong² hua⁴ / muong² hua⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bûn-hòa

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bhung⁵ huê³

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶ven-ho₅ / ²ven-ho₅

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wénhuà
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wúnhuà
    • Wade–Giles: wên²-hua⁴
    • Yale: wén-hwà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wenhuah
    • Palladius: вэньхуа (vɛnʹxua)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wən³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

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      edit edit 文化 文話 / 文话

  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вынхуа (vɨnhua, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vəŋ²⁴ xua⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: man⁴ faa³
    • Yale: màhn fa
    • Cantonese Pinyin: man⁴ faa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: men⁴ fa³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹ faː³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: mun³ fa¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbun²² fa³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vùn-fa
    • Hakka Romanization System: vun^ˇ fa
    • Hagfa Pinyim: vun² fa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /vun¹¹ fa⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: vun fa^ˇ
    • Sinological IPA: /vun⁵⁵ fa¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: vun² fa⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ʋun¹¹ fa⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ùng-huá
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ^(h-)ŋuɑ²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: mong² hua⁴ [Phonetic: mong¹ hua⁴]
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: meóng-hua̍
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔŋ¹³⁻⁵⁵ hua⁴²/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: muong² hua⁴ [Phonetic: muong¹ hua⁴]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /muoŋ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ hua⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bûn-hòa
    • Tâi-lô: bûn-huà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bunhoax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bun²⁴⁻²² hua²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bun²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bun¹³⁻²² hua²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bun²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bun²³⁻³³ hua²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bhung⁵ huê³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bûng huè
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /buŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ven-ho₅
    • MiniDict: ven^去 ho^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³ven-ho₂
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vən²² ho⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Suzhou, Jiaxing)
    • Wugniu: ²ven-ho₅
    • MiniDict: ven^平 ho^去
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /vən²² ho³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /vən¹³ ho⁵³/

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• Middle Chinese: mjun xwaeH▼

Rime
Character	文	化
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	文 (59)	麻 (99)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	無分切	呼霸切
Baxter	mjun	xwaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨun/	/hˠuaH/
Pan Wuyun	/miun/	/hʷᵚaH/
Shao Rongfen	/miuən/	/xuaH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mun/	/hwaɨH/
Li Rong	/miuən/	/xuaH/
Wang Li	/mĭuən/	/xwaH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/mi̯uən/	/xwaH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wén	huà
Expected Cantonese Reflex	man4	faa3

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə[n]  qʷʰˤ<r>aj-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mɯn  hŋʷraːls/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	文	化
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wén	huà
Middle Chinese	‹ mjun ›	‹ xwæH ›
Old Chinese	/*mə[n]/	/*qʷʰˁ<r>aj-s/
English	ornate	transform
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	文	化
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13015	5327
Phonetic component	文	化
Rime group	文	歌
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	文	化
Old Chinese	/*mɯn/	/*hŋʷraːls/

Tsiahy

• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 文化 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Japoney

Anarana

文化

1. ny vanim-potoanan'ny Bunka, 1804-1818

Fanononana

(Tokyo) ぶんか [búꜜǹkà] (Atamadaka – [1]) AAI(lakile): [bɯ̟̃ŋka̠]

Tsiahy

• :*
• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 文化 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)

Anarana iombonana

文化

1. kolontsaina

Fanononana

(Tokyo) ぶんか [búꜜǹkà] (Atamadaka – [1]) AAI(lakile): [bɯ̟̃ŋka̠]

Tsiahy

• :*
• Ity pejy ity dia nadika avy amin'ny pejy 文化 tao amin'ny Wikibolana amin'ny teny anglisy. (lisitry ny mpandray anjara)